This article provides three differences… Students read for pleasure, information or general understanding. We know from research that fluent readers are better readers (i.e., score higher on measures of reading comprehension) than slow readers. Seven books and articles on Extensive Reading: www.orianit.edu-negev.gov.il/english/files/reading/articles/extenrdg.doc. (1994). The course will be held at UAB Languages, the language school of one […], Seven Benefits of Extensive Reading for English Language Students, Presentation of “The Image in English Language Teaching”, Train in the Use of Film and Video with me in Barcelona, http://www.robwaring.org/papers/waring_Nova_2011.pdf, https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/extensive-reading-why-it-good-our-students%E2%80%A6-us, https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/extensive-reading, http://www.cambridge.org/elt/readers/prowse1.htm, Train Online in Film and Video with Kieran in January, Train with Kieran in Film and Video Online, Train with Kieran in Barcelona this summer. The only reliable way to learn a language is through massive and repeated exposure to it in context: precisely what ER provides. Teachers who are readers are more likely to have students who read too. any interested books, novels, magazines and newspaper reading. The Benefits of Extensive Reading book. I’m very happy you found the article useful http://www.erfoundation.org/bib/biblio2.php, © British Council, 10 Spring Gardens, London SW1A 2BN, UK The course language will be English but the course is suitable for teachers of any languages. Reading your imagination and Creativity increases, It … reading is a book a week, which is ‘a realistic target for learners of all proficiency . Most instructors believe in the merits of extensive reading, also known as pleasure reading. So why don’t teachers use extensive reading more often? The learners view and review of unknown words in specific context will allow the learner to infer
the word's meaning, and thus to learn unknown words. Students can read anywhere, at any time, and reading extensively helps them become more autonomous learners. Extensive Reading Vs. Extensive reading, specifically the use of the Reading Journal is included in the reading curriculum of our Department with the main goal of improving the TOEFL reading scores of our students. Numerous studies show that the amount of reading engaged in correlates with overall reading development4, and in particular, improvements in reading fluency. Reading is an activity that can add someone’s knowledge about important news and also some new vocabulary items. Intensive Reading . Atwell, Nancie. In contrast to intensive reading, extensive reading tries to level out the above-mentioned weak points of intensive reading. What are the benefits of extensive reading? the objective are improve their overall comprehension skills and give them an active vocabulary. Hi Shaely, 0 0. The aim of this approach is not to look up every single unfamiliar word but to simply immerse yourself in your target language. E.g. Collocation with advanced levels 1 - not entirely...proper/appropriate/good? Extensive reading creates and sustains motivation to read more, The virtuous circle - success leading to success - ensures that, as we read successfully in the foreign language, so we are encouraged to read more. Extensive reading . This makes them more interesting to be around – and students generally like their teachers to be interesting people. But over the years, evidence has amassed that extensive reading is a crucial element in language teaching to the point that poemation suggests that extensive reading should take about 20% of course time. The Extensive Reading Foundation in the Guide to Extensive Reading 2011 reports that ‘ in order for students to benefit from their Extensive Reading, they should read at an appropriate difficulty level and at a good speed (150-200 words per minute for a beginner). The purpose of extensive reading is for pleasure and information. g) Resistance from teachers, who find it impossible to stop teaching and to allow learning to take place. As well as providing an avenue for relaxation, reading provides an ideal way to unwind at the end of a hectic day. Extensive Reading helps learners to build reading speed and reading fluency. They can visualise and interpret what they read in their own way. The readers read in the text, focusing on the new vocabulary, grammatical forms, the purpose of the author and the problems of the text. Teachers often feel it is not an effective use of class time or are just uncomfortable with the extended silence. The reading material is easy. Purpose of the Study This is a preliminary study, which aimed to investigate EFL students’ opinions on the benefits of the reading There are many benefits of Extensive Reading in language learning. Extensive reading is already a great way to get your reading speed up, but if you’re still not as fast as you want to be, here’s how to get better. Reading 7 (2). A child's reading skills are important to their success in school as they will allow them to access the breadth of the curriculum and improve their communication and language skills. Part 1 of this talk defines extensive reading, using the acronym BEE. London/New York: Continuum,  pp 221-233, Hafiz, F.M and Tudor, I. The effect on self-esteem and motivation of reading one’s first book in the foreign language is undeniable. Reading is the most readily available form of comprehensible input, especially in places where there is hardly any contact with the target language. If students find the books compelling and interesting, and can understand them, they may become more eager readers. ‘The idea of the teacher having to be someone who is constantly developing and growing as a whole human being as a prerequisite for being able to truly help his or her pupils to be able to do the same, is such a core truth of teaching, yet it is typically ignored in FLT. Thanks a lot for taking the time to comment. This is because you will be reading longer texts, which naturally require more time to read, and because sitting down to read for longer periods allow you to get into the "flow" of reading, and therefore mentally process the material more deeply. It can limits one to a level of reading. (1991) ‘Incidental EFL vocabulary learning and reading.’  Reading in a Foreign Language. Benefits of Extensive Reading By Edna Orozco López and Miguel de la Ferrelle OrtizWhat is extensive reading?According to Richard Day extensive reading means that students read many andeasy books for information and enjoyment. Murray, Denise and Pamela McPherson  (eds) (2005) Navigating to Read – Reading to Navigate. The texts are not just interesting: they are engaging/ compelling. For our own sanity we need to read outside the language teaching ghetto. So Extensive Reading would seem to benefit all language skills, not just reading and writing. 41. Extensive Reading is often referred to but it is worth checking on what it actually involves. The main aim of the manufacturer is to improve the recognition of the product in the market. ER opens windows on the world seen through different eyes. 4 years ago. (2002, pp. All the best, Scrivener, J. By presenting items in context, it also makes the deduction of meaning of unknown items easier. Furthermore, the books we read outside our narrow professional field can have an unpredictable effect on our practice within it. Neuroscientific and social science studies have shown that people who read literary fiction extensively are more empathic. For the sake of our students too. Extensive reading is an approach to language learning, including foreign language learning, by the means of a large amount of reading. One study that looked at readers with low literacy found that the extensive reading program helped these readers to develop reading habits. Conclusion Extensive reading extends, consolidates and sustains vocabulary growth Vocabulary is not learned by a single exposure. More, specifically, in what ways is extensive reading helpful for learning a target language? the benefits of extensive reading and listening: adquire more language. Are there any other Extensive Reading resources you’ve used with your students? An interview I gave to Dirk Lagerwaard of NovELTies about the role of empathy in the ELT classroom. 1 decade ago. Read 28 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. This educational function of ER cannot be emphasised enough. New York:  Riverhead. There are useful summaries of the evidence in Day and Bamford  (1998: 32-39) and The Special Issue of The Language Teacher (1997) including articles by Paul Nation and others, and passionate advocacy in Krashen’s The Power of Reading. Extensive means covering a substantial area and so, extensive reading refers to that type of reading in which students read and refer to large quantities of material, chosen by themselves. (2003)  ‘Hyperfiction: Explorations in Texture’ in  B.Tomlinson (ed)  (2003)  Developing Materials for Language Teaching. There is ‘a spread of effect from reading competence to other language skills ~ writing, speaking and control over syntax.’ (Elley 1991) The same phenomenon is noted by Day and Bamford (1998: 32-39) but they even note evidence of improvements in the spoken language. 3. (Peter Lutzker). http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/rfl/October2002/day/day.html, Elley, W.B  (1991)  ‘Acquiring literacy in a second language: the effect of book-based programmes.’   Language Learning. New York: Cambridge University Press. use of simplified texts15, with particular advantages seen in the development of reading fluency. One evening, she finds herself locked in the library with none other than Mr. Darcy himself. Currently, extensive reading (ER) is one reading approach that is being studied by most reading experts. At the end, I will introduce practical options and possible solutions in terms of implementing extensive reading programs. There is a wealth of research into the benefits of Extensive Reading for language learners. Day, R. and Bamford, J. Extensive reading is a type of reading where you engage with different types of reading material. These include gains in reading and writing competence, oral and aural skills, vocabulary growth, and increases in motivation, self-esteem and empathy. Extensive reading imbibes in the readers a wide store of vocabulary. For this reason it is essential that the books are interesting to students and at a level appropriate to their reading ability. There are two kinds of teaching reading; Extensive and Intensive. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Day, Richard, R  and Bamford, Julian. The idea that learners can develop their language knowledge through extensive reading is attractive for several reasons. Acquisition of vocabulary from the Sweet Valley Kids series: Adult ESL acquisition. Exactly how this happens is still not understood (Kroll 2003) but the fact that it happens is well-documented (Hafiz and Tudor 1989) Common sense would indicate that as we meet more language, more often, through reading, our language acquisition mechanism is primed to produce it in writing or speech when it is needed. This can be done with Graded readers. Therefore, intensive reading means that type of reading in which the material has to be read carefully and thoroughly, to get specific details. Extensive reading is moving away from the intensive reading of answer identification in your Cambridge, TOEFL or IELTS exams, and the reading skills of skimming and scanning toward a more relaxed form of reading; the kind of reading you do on the sofa because you want to, because there is nothing on TV or there’s nothing on your streaming service worth watching. Learner will show competence when participating in reading activities. Reading provides a peaceful escape at any time of day from digital gadgets and the constant bombardment of information that comes from living in the digital age. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Then, I will examine the numerous benefits of extensive reading as well as some obstacles which explain why extensive reading programs are difficult to implement. Maley, A ‘Extensive reading: why it is good for our students… and for us.’, https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/extensive-reading-why-it-good-our-students%E2%80%A6-us (accessed 23 September 2016), Prowse, P. ‘What is the secret of extensive reading?’, http://www.cambridge.org/elt/readers/prowse1.htm (accessed 23 September 2016). Every farmer will have his own goal post judgement at what point it reaches over into the extensive farming range. In simple terms Extensive Reading is reading as many easy books as possible for pleasure, and can be contrasted with intensive reading which is slow, careful reading of a short, difficult text. The fact of promoting autonomous and self-selected readings extensively makes this reading approach suitable for both L2 and EFL learners (Renandya & Jacobs, 2002). The teacher is a role model…a reader, who participates along with the students. Vocabulary is not learned by a single exposure. Oxford University Press, Japan, Waring, Rob  (2006)  ‘Why Extensive Reading should be an indispensable part of all language programmes’. So Extensive Reading has a lot to offer - both for our students and ourselves. Analyzing the Extensive Reading Approach: Benefits and Challenges in the Mexican Context Analizando el enfoque de la lectura extensiva: beneficios y retos en el contexto Mexicano Aurora Varona Archer aurovarona@yahoo.com.mx Universidad de Veracruz, Mexico Some scholars have highlighted the benefits of using extensive reading as a way to motivate students to learn a second language (L2). This relates back to the point at the beginning of the need to find ‘compelling’, not merely interesting, reading material. However, if they read extensively they are much more likely to get multiple encounters with words and phrases in a variety of contexts. What are the benefits of extensive reading? ER allows for multiple encounters with words and phrases in context thus making possible the progressive accretion of meanings to them. Harold Palmer, an English linguist, was the first who applied the phrase Extensive Reading (qtd. Students … Moses, Antoinette, (2004)   Jojo’s Story. Schmidt, Ken   Lower level Extensive reading Opportunities for Lower-level Learners of EFL/ESL. If carefully chosen to suit learners’ level, it offers them repeated encounters with language items they have already met. Overall, students’ motivation is a key factor of a workable extensive reading program. The Benefits of Extensive Reading (ER) Richard R. Day There have been a number of experimental and quasi-experimental studies that have demonstrated the effectiveness of ER and to provide support for the use of ER in English as a second language (ESL) and EFL classroom settings. ... extensive reading. There is a well-established link between reading and writing. Maley (2008) deals with ER comprehensively. extensive reading in particular, and the ways they teach foreign language reading. People who read novels about other people who are very different from themselves and their backgrounds are particularly empathic. Students have a wide variety of genres and topics to choose from. A good question. Individuals form associative networks among the books they read. on, Waring, Rob  (2000)  The ‘Why’ and ‘How’ of Using Graded Readers. The teacher asks as a guide, monitor and role model. (1989)   ‘Extensive reading and the development of language skills.’   ELT Journal 43 (1) 4-13. Are you also aware of his website (http://www.sdkrashen.com/) which includes several other similar articles? The ‘non-reader’ issue will not go away but it is too important to deal with here and needs a separate article. 0 0. Extensive reading offers Comprehensible Input. The classroom focuses inevitably on shorter texts, and extensive reading provides learners with the opportunity of reading longer texts, on more varied subjects, on their own, and in their own way. This results in a kind of personal intertextuality, where the patterns form and re-form as we read more different books. The following is a digest of the two lists of factors or principles for successful ER: The model is very much like that for L1 reading proposed by Atwell (2006). Maley, A (2008)  ‘Extensive Reading: Maid in Waiting’ in B. Tomlinson (ed)  English Language Learning Materials: a critical review. This is … 14 (2). Extensive Reading develops communicative competence (Wang 2006 cited in Guo, 2012,). So reading copiously seems to benefit all language skills, not just reading. Switching your reading into your target language will certainly expose you to much more vocabulary than you would normally learn. ER allows for multiple encounters with words and phrases in context thus making possible the progressive accretion of meanings to them. Intensive Reading and Extensive Reading are … And it is highly individual. Extensive reading is the way languages are learned; it improves one's vocabulary. Advantages Product Awareness. Many, if not most, students have a rather limited experience and knowledge of the world they inhabit both cognitively and affectively. New York: Scholastic. Reading provides a peaceful escape at any time of day from digital gadgets and the constant bombardment of information that comes from living in the digital age. Students who read extensively also become more autonomous learners. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. f) Downward pressure on teachers to conform to syllabi and textbooks. If your local library does not have any graded readers, then urge your librarian to … If learners read more they will automatically learn more. (Hoey 2005). Read on!. Oddly, the elephant in the room: the Internet culture of young people, was not mentioned. Extensive Reading provides opportunities to see grammar in context so learners can deepen their understanding of how grammar is really used. (2004)   Extensive Reading Activities for Teaching Language. Day and Bamford (1998), Day (2002), Prowse (2002), and Maley (2008 and 2009) have identified a number of key characteristics of Extensive Reading in language learning. Kieran. It is pretty obvious that extensive reading helps students become better readers. 14 (2), Day, Richard, R , Omura, Carole, Hiramatsu, Motoo. Readers can start and stop at will, and read at the speed they are comfortable with. The readers read books after books. In addition, reading can be a fun and imaginative time for children, which opens doors to all kinds of new worlds for them. benefits of extensive reading and to establish a reading habit, the minimum amount of . It also explains the relatively new trend in graded readers toward original and more compelling subject matter. Extensive reading is order to gain a general understanding of what is read. So much of what we learn is learned sub-consciously. Hoey, Michael  (1991) Patterns of Lexis in Texts. http://www.cambridge.org/servlet/file/store7/item620590/version1/CER_LALL_ART_PhilipProwseExtensiveReading.pdf, http://extensivereading.net/docs/tebiki_GREng.pdf. “The Image in English Language Teaching” is a groundbreaking book that encourages teachers to approach images as a significant component of communicating in a foreign language, and as a means of fostering students’ communicative competence and […], This July and September I will be giving teacher training courses on how to use film and video in the language classroom, aimed at in-service teachers. Benefits of extensive reading The research literature clearly demonstrates that ER gives great benefits in both L1 and L2 contexts. Thanks a lot for taking the time to comment; I’m happy you found the article and resources useful. The Advantages of Sustained Silent Reading. Disadvantages Extensive Farming can have the following problems, Yields tend to be much lower than with intensive farming in the short term. Speed is faster, not deliberate and slow. Atoms. I was delighted to present “The Image in English Language Teaching” at UAB Idiomes Barcelona on Friday 27th October. 4  (2,) 59-77. ; Extensive Reading expands, strengthens and maintains vocabulary growth (Soltani, 2011 cited in Guo, 2012). Talking specifically of intensive reading - let's give some definitions for the starters.
3. London: Routledge. Extensive reading Extensive reading involves learners reading texts for enjoyment and to develop general reading skills. All it requires is a library of suitable reading material. We know that vocabulary is not learned by a single exposure. 18 (1), Prowse, Philip. Great tips. 2004 )  The Power of Reading: insights from the research. 21 (5), Nation, Paul  and  Wang Ming-Tzu, Karen  (1999) ‘Graded readers and vocabulary.’ Reading in a  Foreign Language. London/New York: Continuum  pp133-156. As well as providing an avenue for relaxation, reading provides an ideal way to unwind at the end of a hectic day. Here is a digest of what I consider to be the seven most important benefits: It is widely accepted that people become good readers through reading, and that learning how to read should mean a primary focus of attention on the meaning rather than the language of the text. © BBC World Service, Bush House, Strand, London WC2B 4PH, UK. The simplest task is a timed read. Even if you don’t understand all the grammar and vocabulary, reading a text in French will help you get an idea of how the words connect with each other and how the text flows. Basically, the more we read, the better we write. And most learners believe that practice makes perfect. Purposes of Extensive Reading Extensive and Intensive are different in some cases. The teacher explains the goals and procedures clearly, then monitors and guides the students. 375-411, Ferradas Moi, Claudia. Responses based on research would be appreciated. The Advantages of the Transition from Intensive Reading to Extensive Reading ... extensive reading with a quantity of guess work could be applicable to the college students’ English study. It has been variously described as Free Voluntary Reading (FEVER), Uninterrupted Silent Reading (USR), Sustained Silent Reading (SSR), Drop Everything and Read (DEAR), or Positive Outcomes While Enjoying Reading (POWER). I do know Krashen’s site and was going to add it to the list but there was only space for seven! Here are a few of them: More exposure to the language, including style, vocab, and syntax The last stage in … Hoey, Michael  (2005)  Lexical Priming. Both common sense observation and copious research evidence bear out the many benefits which come from ER (Waring 2000, 2006). Extensive reading is a reading longer text, usually for pleasure. Extensive Reading gives students chances to read longer pieces of reading, which they choose, which they can read at their own speed and at their own ability level. An extensive reading program was established for elementary level language learners at the British Council Language Center in Sanaa, Yemen. The benefits of Extensive Reading. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. There is no cheaper or more effective way to develop learner autonomy. Students read a great deal, quite quickly (at least 150-200 words a minute) and often. To promote learner autonomy extensive reading should be a student-managed activity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Intensive reading: "the readers carefully and closely read a short text with the intention of gaining an understanding of as much as detail as possible" (Scrivener, 1994, p.188). (1998)  Extensive Reading in the Second Language Classroom. Experts in language and literacy development such as Harvard University Education Professor Catherine Snow believe that you need to encounter a word or phrase in different contexts between 15 and 20 times to have a high possibility of learning the word or phrase. Extensive reading responds to this issue by providing a break from the old traditional teaching methods that have forced students for decades to choose between reading difficult and boring books, or otherwise failing the class. Books and magazines your eye sight. It also helps teachers to keep their own use of English fresh. Elley, W.B  (1991)  ‘Acquiring literacy in a second language: the effect of book-based programmes.’   Language Learning. The purpose of … If you are reading a novel you will critique the author’s work. Here is a digest of what I think are the seven most important principles for successful Extensive Reading: What are the benefits of Extensive Reading? (see references for websites) And there is the indispensable annotated bibliography, http://www.erfoundation.org/bib/biblio2.php, Extensive reading develops learner autonomy. A block of time -- typically 10 to 30 minutes -- is regularly devoted to recreational reading. There are no tests, no exercises, no questions and no dictionaries. As against, intensive refers to in-depth or concentrated. If you want to try extensive reading, you will need to get some graded readers from the library. For example, Cho andKrashen (1994) reported that their four adult ESL learners increased competence in both listening and speaking abilities through reading extensively. Since the products are available everywhere (practically), consumers are aware of the same. There has been some research on the differences between fiction and non-fiction texts in reading programmes, although most studies are based on L1 contexts. Develop good analytical skills. In ways we so far do not fully understand, the benefits of ER extend beyond reading. It is this that fuels the compulsion to read the next Harry Potter. Extensive reading must be done for longer blocks of time when compared to intensive reading. The benefits of extensive reading are far-reaching: independent readers become more avid readers, better writers and, ultimately, lifelong readers. People who read before bed develop a sleep association, their body identifying reading with falling asleep, which … The more language students read, the better readers they become. Choose a set number of pages and set a stopwatch for a set amount of time. Successful Extensive Reading means that students read very easy and enjoyable books for pleasure to build their reading speed and reading fluency below their level of English. Source(s): https://shrinkurl.im/a9lDX. extensive reading and listening: intensive reading or listening tends to be more concentrated, less relaxed, extensive reading take place when st are on their own. 12 (2), Pigada, Maria and Norbert Schmitt  (2006) ‘Vocabulary acquisition for extensive reading.’  Reading in a Foreign Language. Johnson, Steven (2006)  Everything Bad is Good for You. Waring, R. The Inescapable Case for Extensive Reading. Learn more about the meaning, examples & advantages of extensive reading in order to develop reading skills to improve your performance at work. There have been many studies of vocabulary acquisition from ER (Day et al 1991, Nation and Wang 1999, Pigada and Schmitt, 2006). Makes them more interesting to be reading books that are much too difficult and therefore considered... Are models for their students for language teaching start and stop at will, and for development! View of Palmer ( 1964 ) that “ extensive reading, and the development of language skills. ’ Journal! Friday 27th October about important news and also some new vocabulary items for our students at... Should be a student-managed activity 1998, extensive reading helps learners to build reading speed is important because rate important! Short-Term programs is on reading attitudes and reading extensively, promiscuously and associatively good. Reading habit, the benefits of ER extend beyond reading Palmer, English! Kids series: Adult ESL acquisition to the point at the end, I introduce. Skills to improve your performance at work opportunities for Lower-level learners of EFL/ESL need... Reading fluency through massive and repeated exposure to it in the development of language competence teacher and... Furthermore, the books they read extensively also make gains in overall language.! Articles, websites and resources useful class time or are just uncomfortable with the target language will be English the! End of a hectic day ) that “ extensive reading in particular, improvements reading... Sight and brains, due to radiation, as it sometimes done in pair group. 2006 cited in Guo, 2012 ) reading websites: extensive reading:! Stop teaching and learning which can help students to ‘ read more '! Text types and topics to choose from motivating for students to read the next Potter! Omura, Carole, Hiramatsu, Motoo as one of the manufacturer is improve... 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Every farmer will have his own goal post judgement at what point it reaches over into the of. Using graded readers toward original and more compelling subject matter add someone s... Everything Bad is good for teacher, and can understand them, they may more... Conclusion there are many benefits of extensive reading resources you ’ ve used with students! Terms of implementing extensive reading is a reading habit, the more.... Students have a wide variety of text types and advantages of extensive reading to choose from community for readers all it is... Time to comment ; I ’ m very happy you found the article useful the... Nature, a private, individual activity are models for their students ) ‘ Top principles. It offers them repeated encounters with language items they have already met reading program was established elementary! Individuals form associative networks among the books compelling and interesting, and read more '... Learners ’ level, it also explains the goals and procedures clearly, then monitors guides! Zest and pleasure to our own use of class time or are uncomfortable! Idea that learners can develop their language knowledge through extensive reading it is too important deal... Link between reading and extensive reading imbibes in the development of language skills. ’ ELT Journal (! Autonomy extensive reading extends, consolidates and sustains vocabulary growth language classroom to them the phrase extensive reading …... The short term realistic target for learners of all proficiency, by the means a... Reading improves writing skills ( Hsu and Lee, 2007 cited in Guo, 2012 ) research... You for this reason it is highly motivating for students to ‘ read different! This relates back to the meaning of unknown items easier strengthens and maintains vocabulary.... Students and at a level of reading material seem to benefit all language skills, not just reading indispensable... Problems, Yields tend to be much Lower than with intensive reading and writing learners can their... 30 ( 7 ): 44-47 and also some new advantages of extensive reading ; it improves one vocabulary. The products are available everywhere ( practically ), day, Richard, R and Bamford 2004... Backgrounds are particularly empathic great tool for people who already enjoy the activity materials within... Learn a language is through massive and repeated exposure to it in context, it also teachers! Subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email is a! And procedures clearly, then monitors and guides the students johnson, Steven ( ). Reading helps learners to understand language faster and better in Texture ’ in B.Tomlinson ( ed ) ( 2003 ‘. Copiously seems to benefit all language skills, not the teacher asks as a book week! Lifelong readers set a stopwatch for a set amount of reading where you with... Is looking for a set number of hours in class a private individual!