16000 people migrate from Christchurch due to earthquake People unable to work as many businesses are damaged and destroyed. The Christchurch Cathedral remains in a state of disrepair. A study in Christchurch found that more socially deprived neighbourhoods and areas with a greater proportion of low income households had significantly higher levels of traffic-related pollution than high income areas.6 These areas have greater proportions of Maori, Pacific peoples and other migrant groups. About $2 billion worth of damage has been done, much of this damage will impede economic activity. Many people expressed displeasure at the treatment of residents in official processes. Several buildings caught fire after the earthquake. Over half of the deaths occurred in the 6-storey Canterbury Television (CTV) Building, which collapsed and caught fire … The 22 February 2011 earthquake (Christchurch 1 . Lateral spreading and its impacts in urban areas in the 2010–2011 Christchurch earthquakes. Shapes of the continents can fit into each other like a jigsaw puzzle would. The Christchurch earthquake caused extensive damage to infrastructure and buildings. In the words of one survivor, “You feel very vulnerable.” The Central Business District of New Zealand’s second largest city bore the brunt of the quake, centred in … Fig. This time it was often colleagues, classmates or complet… The latest events are most likely aftershocks of the M6.3 earthquake that devastated Christchurch and left more than 180 people dead at 22 February, 2011 and of the M7.0 event in September last year. On February 22, 2011, residents of the then-second-largest city in New Zealand – Christchurch, located on the South Island's Canterbury Plains – were hit hard by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake. The government later extended this arrangement until 2016, citing the earthquakes as one justification. The Canterbury earthquakes of 2010-11 required a momentous recovery undertaking by the City of Christchurch in New Zealand. Multiple buildings collapsed, and the city was impacted by burst water mains, flooding, liquefaction and power outages. The earthquake happened on a conservative plate margin between the Pacific Plate and the Australian Plate. Despite the signs of progress, the government’s approach has caused simmering discontent in the local community. Other studies have found that more than 75% of respondents disagreed with the government’s recovery priorities. The question then is: why can’t Christchurch lead its own recovery? The 2011 Christchurch earthquake was a powerful natural event that severely damaged the second largest city in New Zealand. Rescue workers are lowered by crane onto the top of the Christchurch Cathedral in Christchurch, New Zealand, Feb. 25, 2011 after the city was hit by a 6.3 earthquake Feb 22. The Christchurch, New Zealand earthquake on 22 February 2011 resulted in a severely modified soil environment for vast areas of the city. It turned out that subsequent quakes reactivated the same feeder dikes of sand blows, showing that saturated sediments are susceptible of liquefaction no … My current research reveals this dissatisfaction is particularly with the actions of central government. Christchurch Cathedral showing the effects of the February 2011 earthquake. After each major earthquake, comprehensive field investigations and inspections were conducted to document the liquefaction-induced land … Apart from physical injuries, international literature suggests that psychosocial recovery after a disaster can take five to ten years. Though the government supplied money for those who were fired, businesses that needed re-building and injured employees. Effects in Christchurch. 2011 earthquake were reviewed including: ... the Christchurch Earthquake While many will recall the earthquakes that struck Christchurch, New Zealand in September 2010 and February 2011, perhaps few will appreciate that, as well as dealing with the immediate needs of the community, the fire service was itself a ‘victim’ of the earthquake. It has been five years since a major earthquake hit the New Zealand city of Christchurch, but thousands of residents are still waiting for their homes to be repaired or rebuilt, writes Michael Ertl. Earthquake) was New Zealand’s worst natural disaster - 185 people lost their … On 22 February 2011, a 6.3 magnitude earthquake struck Christchurch shortly before 12:50pm at a shallow depth of four kilometres. Edited by Douglas Paton, David Johnston. The September earthquake happened at night, when most people were at home asleep. PhD Candidate, Disaster Studies and Urban Geography, RMIT University. Five years on, what insight can we glean from the fallout? Primary Impacts Because of the 185 deaths and the 2000 people injured, this earthquake was made the second-deadliest natural disaster recorded in New Zealand. This move was met with concern. Initiatives such as Greening the Rubble, Gap Filler and Agropolis have demonstrated the possibilities for citizen-led recovery. The plates themselves are estimated to be around 2900 km thick. Their successes had brought joy to their lives and restored hope for the future of the city. The community organisations that sprang up from the rubble have provided hope, social services and public spaces for those living through their own personal recovery alongside that of the city. SuperSealing were proven performers after successfully completing 2 work programs for the City. The Impacts of the Christchurch Earthquake. Photograph: David Wethey/EPA. The Christchurch Earthquake (2011) Home; Causes ; Impacts ; Mitigation; References; Plate Tectonics. Volume 14, Part 1, Pages 1-104 (December 2015) Download full issue. The 22 February 2011 earthquake caused 185 fatalities, injured 3,129 people, and 1,293 were injured in the aftermath. This paper focuses on the performance of potable water system of Christchurch during the 2010-2011 earthquakes and particularly examines the impacts of liquefaction on this pipe network during Scope of Project Following the major earthquake on 22nd February 2011, Christchurch was in a State of Emergency, with urgent works required throughout the city. Christchurch is finally starting to enter a phase of sustained construction. As the result, there were 185 people killed, 7500 injured and 60,000 people displaced. Write an article and join a growing community of more than 119,900 academics and researchers from 3,852 institutions. Many remain unresolved. Just click the "Unsubscribe" link which you find in every newsletter you get and your email adress will be removed from the subscribers list in seconds. Looking towards a future that seems destined to bring more bushfires, floods and cyclones, it is vital to understand how exceptional post-disaster political tools influence recovery. Liquefaction can cause significant damage to land, buildings and infrastructure, through sediment being ejected to the ground surface, and subsequent ground settlement, ground cracking and … Christchurch Cathedral showing the effects of the February 2011 earthquake. One month on from the magnitude 6.3 earthquake that hit Christchurch on February 23, the physical and psycholigical effects are still being felt. 55, The 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence, pp. Similarly, it is asked, what was the impact of the Christchurch earthquake 2011? Previous vol/issue. The combined effects of the earthquake and tsunami (known as the Tohoku event) devastated the area of northeast Japan, resulting in widespread infrastructure destruction, loss of life, and environmental contamination. The latest events are most likely aftershocks of the M6.3 earthquake that devastated Christchurch and left more than 180 people dead at 22 February, 2011 and of the M7.0 event in September last year. Existing alongside these higher-level politics during the disaster recovery period is a thriving network of community and grassroots groups. It was the middle of a working day and many people were at school or work, having lunch or running errands. The September quake had occurred in the early hours of the morning with family generally close at hand. The combined effects of the earthquake and tsunami (known as the Tohoku event) devastated the area of northeast Japan, resulting in widespread infrastructure destruction, loss of life, and environmental contamination. Social Impact. Martin Luff/CC-BY-SA 2.0. Impacts on the natural environment The Canterbury earthquakes caused a significant change to the natural environment, including liquefaction, lateral spread near waterways, land level changes, and numerous rockfalls and landslides. Background . Finally, the characteristics of Christchurch liquefaction and its impacts on built environment are discussed in relation to the liquefaction-induced damage in Japan during the 11 March 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. To carry out more democratic and community-focused recovery, authorities need to actively appreciate and collaborate with residents, organisations and communities. These may have adversely affected aquatic ecosystems in the Avon/O ... Earthquake environmental effects (EEE), especially liquefaction, were intense and widespread. Research following the Christchurch earthquakes has shown that increasing exposure to the damage and trauma of a natural disaster is correlated with an increase in depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The February earthquake was also much more … Earthquakes have a number of profound effects on local ecosystems, but the most important effect earthquakes have is that they change habitats abruptly. Please contact us! Overall, the Canterbury economy has been reasonably resilient to the impact of the earthquakes, and the spillover to other regions in New Zealand has been limited. Earthquake debris from the Lyttelton Harbour reclamation has been washing up on nearby beaches, leading residents to question its environmental impact. The 2010-2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence: Personal, Social, Governance and Environmental Consequences . That approach has excluded many individuals and community organisations. The Christchurch soil type is mainly loose to moderately saturated granular soils with poor drainage.This caused liquefaction to be presented during the Christchurch Earthquake. Shelley McMurtrie Alex James Mark Taylor Zoe Dewson Mike Bourke Alastair Suren Neale Hudson Kit Rutherford The 22 February 2011 earthquake affected Christchurch’s waterways following liquefaction sand/silt, bank slumping, uplift of streambeds, and input of raw wastewater. The current study examines the impact that the Canterbury Earthquakes have had on the temporal and spatial patterning of crime in Christchurch. the land change effects of the earthquakes. Ancient earthquake activity. Under further legislation introduced after the February 2011 earthquake, the Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority (CERA) gained wide-ranging control of the recovery. It is hard to disentangle the effects of the earthquakes from other Almost immediately after the first big, but non-fatal, earthquake in September 2010, the government introduced legislation that gave a newly appointed earthquake recovery minister the power to amend almost any statute to support the recovery. The Canterbury earthquakes of 2010-11 required a momentous recovery undertaking by the City of Christchurch in New Zealand. 2 General geologic profile of shallow Christchurch soils indicating thickness of recent alluvial soils and water table depth along an east-west cross section (indicated in Figure 1) - "Liquefaction impacts in residential areas in the 2010-2011 Christchurch earthquakes" Note: The glossary is at the end of the main body of the report. Initial effects: The economic heart of Christchurch is shut down. In February most of the city was without power. Research following the Christchurch earthquakes has shown that increasing exposure to the damage and trauma of a natural disaster is correlated with an increase in depression, anxiety, and … Raven Marie Cretney receives funding through the Australian Government APA scholarship scheme. The Christchurch earthquakes from 2011 have remained in memory as an unforgettable event. These issues are relevant elsewhere too as climate-related disasters become more frequent. Two large 1980s buildings, including the six-storey Canterbury Television Building, collapsed in the earthquake. The port was damaged, and many roads cracked. Infrastructure is damaged as are buildings and factories. Air and water quality were also impacted, with water-based recreational activities halted until November 2011. This was the second major earthquake to hit the city; the previous quake occurred on 4 September 2010 and registered at a 7.1 magnitude. Home » Science » Geology, Environment & Weather » 2011 Christchurch earthquake The February 2011 Christchurch quake was a compelling indigenous occasion that severely harmed New Zealand’s second-most vast city, executing 185 individuals in one of the country’s deadliest peacetime fiascos. Christchurch's Catholic cathedral damaged after the earthquake, in 2011. The most prominent example is the creation of a unit within the CERA to manage the city centre rebuild, removing the task from the locally elected city council. Outside of New Zealand, the earthquake became known as the "Christchurch Earthquake", and it resulted in the deaths of 185 people and injuries of several thousand. The Appendices to this report provide visual explanations of land damage types and suburb specific information. To understand these perspectives and why people are dissatisfied, it is necessary to explore what the government did. The earthquake struck the city of Christchurch in New Zealand on 22 February 2011. LIQUEFACTION IMPACTS IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN THE 2010-2011 CHRISTCHURCH EARTHQUAKES ... 2010-2011 Christchurch earthquakes is currently estimated to be in the range between 25 and 30 billion NZ dollars (or 15% to 18% of New Zealand’s GDP). The Appendices to this report provide visual explanations of land damage types and suburb specific information. The Canterbury earthquakes of 2010-11 required a momentous recovery undertaking by the City of Christchurch in New Zealand. This applies particularly in Australia, which has experienced widespread bushfires from Western Australia to Tasmania. … People are dislocated, injured, or busy trying to get their personal lives together. The EM strategy, model and practice in New Zealand were also discussed. 2011. Download PDFs Export citations. We extend the extant literature on this topic in a number of ways. Identifying the economic impact is difficult. RMIT University provides funding as a strategic partner of The Conversation AU. The keenly awaited Margaret Mahy children’s playground has opened. The region is facing major economic and organisational challenges in the aftermath of these events. Earthquakes can cause trees to fall, cliffs to crumble and caves to collapse, which can have trickle-down effects … paleoseismicity.org is edited by Christoph Grützner and administrated by Martin Schmidt, Koblenz/Germany. It resulted in massive loss of life, environmental devastation and infrastructural damage. They say they felt dismissed and excluded – even deliberately left out of consultation and engagement. What impacts came from the Christchurch Earthquake? By Staff Writer Last Updated Mar 27, 2020 6:15:01 AM ET. This article is more than 9 years old. More than 4,500 vehicles were stranded in the city centre during the recovery period. Liquefaction is a phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid loading. Get Started. Liquefaction is a natural process where earthquake shaking increases the water pressure in the ground causing some soils to behave like a fluid, resulting in temporary loss of soil strength. Several aftershocks were reported, some registering at a 5.6 magnitude. Different authors irregularly write about recent papers, field work, problems, conferences or just interesting things that they come across. Choose Historic earthquakes to find the pages on The 2010 Canterbury (Darfield) earthquake and The 2011 Christchurch earthquake and other recent earthquakes. In some cases, it took over projects managed by local authorities. This car toppled into a hole near Shortland Street in the suburb of Aranui following the 22 February 2011 earthquake. SuperSealing’s task was to help prevent road and pathway erosion that had suffered extensive … It shifted land, created liquefaction, created large gaps in the ground etc. To get some sense of scale, the Christchurch 2011 quake at a 6.3 involved a release of energy equivalent to four Hiroshima atomic bombs. Christchurch earthquake: 10,000 homes face demolition . ... Earthquake environmental effects (EEE), especially liquefaction, were intense and widespread. Copyright © 2010–2021, The Conversation US, Inc. In this seminar, Dr Prasanna looked at the geography and natural disaster risk profile of New Zealand followed by a discussion on the NZ’s emergency and service management hierarchies. (2012) Liquefaction impacts in residential areas in the 2010-2011 Christchurch earthquakes. The Christchurch earthquake of 2011 had widespread mental health effects on the population. On 11 March 2011, a 9.0 magnitude earthquake off the north-eastern coast of Japan – the strongest ever recorded in the country – triggered a tsunami up to 30 metres high that washed up to 5 kilometres inland. The Christchurch Earthquake (2011) Home; Causes ; Impacts ; Mitigation; References; Plate Tectonics. It lasted only 10 seconds. How Do Earthquakes Affect the Environment? Note: The glossary is at the end of the main body of the report. This earthquake did major destruction. The political approach of the national government to response and recovery has raised important issues for understanding the politics of disasters. A key reason for this is that a double blow often occurs. tē ] These were the seeds of what Smith … 2010-2011 Christchurch earthquakes is estimated to be in the range between 25 and 30 billion NZ dollars (or 15% to 18% of New Zealand’s GDP). Shapes of the continents can fit into each other like a jigsaw puzzle would. If nothing else, she says, the psycho-social impacts of the Canterbury earthquakes are being incredibly well studied. This meant that even though some large buildings collapsed, few people were nearby them when they were damaged. The 2011 Christchurch earthquake series had severe consequences and surprised scientists for many reasons. Media report on environmental effects like liquefaction, landslides and rockfalls. The most violent quake, on 22 February 2011, killed 181 people. Other agencies also felt the effects of this approach. Electricity to 75 per cent of the city was cut in the September quake. Interested in joining as an author? Soil Liquefaction. Most households had power within two to three days, but some regions took much longer. the land change effects of the earthquakes. Of particular concern are those that challenge the democratic right to local participation and representation. A glossary is included. Many residents, when interviewed, mentioned the importance of these organisations and their projects. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics: Vol. In my research, many people said they would have preferred to see a locally led recovery supported and resourced by central government, but with a more “hands-off” approach. This earthquake was the second-deadliest … The earthquake occurred on New Zealand’s South Island 10km to the West of Christchurch, Canterbury. Thousands of tremors have been recorded since the February 22 earthquake that killed 185 people, injured thousands, destroyed more than 50% of the CBD and damaged tens of thousands of homes. And 59% believed the recovery to be a convenient excuse to push the government’s own agendas. People are in shock and are shaken after massive 7.1 magnitude earthquake hit Christchurch, and the city is still being rocked by aftershocks. The primary provision for community engagement in the act is a 20-person committee appointed by the minister. Next vol/issue. The city faced enormous challenges. 255-269. Unfortunately, this was exactly the situation some academics feared the creation of the CERA would create. One month on from the magnitude 6.3 earthquake that hit Christchurch on February 23, the physical and psycholigical effects are still being felt. Increased sense of community as neighbours and strangers help each other. … The Christchurch earthquake of 2011 had widespread mental health effects on the population. Work has begun on government-led precincts and anchor projects in the central city. A glossary is included. Cultural Effects Christchurch Earthquake 12.51pm 22 February 2011 Citation Cubrinovski, M., Henderson, D., Bradley, B.A. 3 Ministry for the Environment. A magnitude 9.0 earthquake rupturing the Earth's crust nearly 130 km off the east coast of Japan on March 11, 2011, triggered a tsunami that reached the Japanese coast approximately 30 minutes later. The Christchurch earthquake of February 2011 . Perhaps the longest-lasting impact of the Tohoku event will result from the damage to the nuclear power plants along the coast and the subsequent release of … Recent submissions from the public on the plan to replace CERA with another agency also demonstrate the community’s desire for more powers at the local level. You can also find Personal stories of the 2010–11 Canterbury earthquakes. This, in turn, has contributed to feelings of disenfranchisement and disillusion. Paleoseismicity.org is a page dedicated to scientists and everyone else interested in paleoseismology, archeoseismology, neotectonics, earthquake archeology, earthquake engineering and related topics. The M w 6.0 (M L 6.4) Christchurch earthquake on 13 June 2011 was preceded 1 h 20 min earlier by a M L 5.6 earthquake; these events and related aftershocks were located primarily in southeast Christchurch along a NNW-trending alignment, although some large aftershocks (e.g., 21 June 2011 M L 5.4; Table 1) continued to occur in the gap between the … These earthquakes have caused deaths and considerable destruction in Christchurch and the surrounding area. Then, more than five months after the mainshock, on 22 February 2011, a M6.3 aftershock occurred 5 km south-east of Christchurch at a depth of only 5 km. The 22 February 2011 earthquake (Christchurch 1 . Impacts of Christchurch Earthquake In total, the 'rehabilitation' costs $15.1 billion dollars worth of damage, Many businesses needed to fire employees due to the heavy re-building fee. Apart from physical injuries, international literature suggests that psychosocial recovery after a disaster can take five to ten years. (2012). The stories I have collected suggest that establishing such a powerful government department created a hierarchy which has emphasised a top-down, command-and-control approach. An Earthquake Commission process of quick damage assessment to 180,000 homes starts in Christchurch, New Zealand. Rescue workers are lowered by crane onto the top of the Christchurch Cathedral in Christchurch, New Zealand, Feb. 25, 2011 after the city was hit by a 6.3 earthquake Feb 22. All together there are 12 large plates and 8 smaller plates; these plates move around in different directions at a pace of 2 cm once a year. Street art protests the powers of the minister for earthquake recovery. The Christchurch soil type is mainly loose to moderately saturated granular soils with poor drainage.This caused liquefaction to be presented during the Christchurch Earthquake. The Christchurch cathedral was toppled over and demolished from the earthquake on Feb 22, 2011. The Kaikoura earthquake at 7.8 was 180 times more powerful and the equivalent of 800 Hiroshima bombs. Two people have seriously injured - one by a falling chimney and the other by shattered glass, and one man died of a heart attack, but this doesn't count as a fatality. People needing elective surgery are unable to get it. On 22 February 2011, Canterbury and its largest city Christchurch experienced its second major earthquake within six months. In particular, legal academics highlighted the unprecedented nature of the legislation and the truncated democratic process. Environmental impacts: Economic impacts: Social impacts: Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates. The plates themselves are estimated to be around 2900 km thick. The 2011 Christchurch earthquake series had severe consequences and surprised scientists for many reasons. It was the biggest earthquake since 1931. Media report on environmental effects like liquefaction, landslides and rockfalls. Most Cantabrians were away from their homes when the 6.3-magnitude earthquake struck at 12.51 p.m. on 22 February 2011. Thousands more were made homeless, and an area more than four times the size of London's Hyde Park was deemed uninhabitable. Actions for selected articles. In early 2010, the government had removed the democratically elected officials of the regional council Environment Canterbury. However, it must be asked why the earthquake recovery legislation did not adopt extensive parts of the New Zealand civil defence plan and strategy. It was a 6.3 magnitude earthquake and the focus was very shallow at 4.99 kilometres deep… Liquefaction caused by the 2010–11 Canterbury earthquakes created large holes in streets around Christchurch. noun, plural -ties. The Commons, a Gap Filler project providing public space and activities in the central city. The lessons from Christchurch show the importance of social and political dynamics in shaping the experience of cities and their citizens in long-term disaster recovery. Figure 1 below shows the daily concentrations of PM 10 in Christchurch each year and the number of days the guideline was breached in the Christchurch airshed. falling from 50 in 1999 to 19 in 2012.4 The earthquakes have had an impact on air quality as discussed further below. Thousands of tremors have … We intend to provide a platform for discussion and scientific exchange. All together there are 12 large plates and 8 smaller plates; these plates move around in different directions at a pace of 2 cm once a year.     At least 15,899 people died, and another 2,500 went missing. The removal of elected officials, along with the CERA legislation, are indicative of an approach to post-disaster politics that favours central government intervention and control. While this upset many in the community, research conducted just before the earthquakes found existing legislation may not have been sufficient to manage some aspects of recovery from such a large disaster. In late 2010 and in 2011, Canterbury endured a series of major earthquakes. Even though the February 2011 earthquake was smaller in magnitude than the September 2010 earthquake, its impact was much greater. Select all / Deselect all. Approximately 25% of all buildings in the Christchurch CBD have been “red tagged” or deemed unsafe to enter. The Canterbury earthquakes caused a significant change to the natural environment, including liquefaction, lateral spread near waterways, land level changes, and numerous rockfalls and landslides. Similarly, it took over projects managed by local authorities effects are still being felt disaster can five... Would create a hole near Shortland street in the central city protests the powers the! 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